UKFS(3)

NAME
ukfs - user kernel file system library interface

LIBRARY
ukfs Library (libukfs, -lukfs)

SYNOPSIS
#include <rump/ukfs.h>

DESCRIPTION
The ukfs library provides direct access to file systems without having to specially mount a file system. Therefore, accessing a file system through ukfs requires no special kernel support apart from standard POSIX functionality. As ukfs is built upon rump(3), all kernel file systems which are supported by rump are available. It allows to write utilities for accessing file systems without having to duplicate file system internals knowledge already present in kernel file system drivers.

ukfs provides a high-level pathname based interface for accessing file systems. If a lower level interface it desired, rump(3) should be used directly. However, much like system calls, the interfaces of ukfs, are self-contained and require no tracking and release of resources. The only exception is the file system handle struct ukfs which should be released after use.

INITIALIZATION

int
ukfs_init()

int
ukfs_modload(const char *fname)

int
ukfs_modload_dir(const char *dirname)

ssize_t
ukfs_vfstypes(char *buf, size_t buflen)

struct ukfs *
ukfs_mount(const char *vfsname, const char *devpath, const char *mountpath, int mntflags, void *arg, size_t alen)

struct ukfs *
ukfs_mount_disk(const char *vfsname, const char *devpath, int partition, const char *mountpath, int mntflags, void *arg, size_t alen)

int
ukfs_release(struct ukfs *ukfs, int flags)

ukfs_init() intializes the library and must be called once per process using ukfs.

ukfs_modload() is used at runtime to dynamically load a library which contains a file system module. For this to succeed, the rump(3) library and the module targetted must be compiled with compatible kernel versions and the application must be dynamically linked. Additionally, since this routine does not handle dependencies, all the dependencies of the library must be loaded beforehand. The routine returns -1 for fatal error, 0 for dependency failure and 1 for success.

ukfs_modload_dir() loads all rump(3) file system modules in directory dirname. It looks for libraries which begin with librumpfs_ and end in .so. The routine tries to handle dependencies by retrying to load libraries which failed due to dependencies. ukfs_modload_dir() returns the number of vfs modules loaded or sets errno and returns -1 in case of a fatal error in directory searching. In case a fatal error occurs after some modules have already been loaded, the number of loaded module is returned. Fatal errors in loading the modules themselves are ignored and ukfs_modload() should be used directly if finegrained error reporting is desired.

It should be noted that the above routines affect the whole process, not just a specific instance of ukfs. It is preferable to call them from only one thread, as the underlying dynamic library interfaces may not be threadsafe.

ukfs_vfstypes() queries the available file system types and returns a nul-terminated list of types separated by spaces in buf. The format of the list is equivalent to the one returned by sysctl(3) on the name vfs.generic.fstypes. The function returns the length of the string without the trailing nul or -1 for error. Notably, the return value 0 means there are no file systems available. If there is not enough room in the caller's buffer for all file system types, as many as fit will be returned.

ukfs_mount() intializes a file system image. The handle resulting from the operation is passed to all other routines and identifies the instance of the mount analoguous to what a pathname specifies in a normally mounted file system. The parameters are the following:

vfsname
    Name of the file system to be used, e.g. MOUNT_FFS.

devpath
    Path of file system image. It can be either a regular file, device or, if the file system does not support the concept of a device, an abitrary string, e.g. network address.

mountpath
    Path where the file system is mounted to. This parameter is used only by the file system being mounted. Most of the time UKFS_DEFAULTMP is the correct path.

mntflags
    Flags as passed to the mount(2) system call, for example MNT_RDONLY. In addition to generic parameters, file system specific parameters such as MNT_LOG (ffs) may be passed here.

arg File system private argument structure. This is passed directly to the file system. It must match what vfsname expects.

alen
    Size of said structure.

The ukfs_mount_disk() function must be used to mount disk-based file systems. It takes the same arguments as ukfs_mount(), except for an additional argument signifying the partition number. If the image devpath contains a disklabel, this value specifies the number of the partition within the image used as the file system backend. If devpath does not contain a disklabel, the value UKFS_PARTITION_NONE must be used to signal that the file system backend is the entire image.

ukfs_release() unmounts the file system and releases the resources associated with ukfs. The return value signals the return value of the unmount operation. If non-zero, ukfs will continue to remain valid. The possible values for flags are:

UKFS_RELFLAG_NOUNMOUNT
    Do not unmount file system, just release ukfs handle. Release always succeeds.

UKFS_RELFLAG_FORCE
    Forcefully unmount the file system. This means that any busy nodes (due to e.g. ukfs_chdir()) will be ignored. Release always succeeds.

OPERATION

int
ukfs_chdir(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *path)

int
ukfs_getdents(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *dirname, off_t *off, uint8_t *buf, size_t bufsize)

ssize_t
ukfs_read(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, off_t off, uint8_t *buf, size_t bufsize)

ssize_t
ukfs_write(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, off_t off, uint8_t *buf, size_t bufsize)

int
ukfs_create(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, mode_t mode)

int
ukfs_mknod(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev)

int
ukfs_mkfifo(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *path, mode_t mode)

int
ukfs_mkdir(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, mode_t mode)

int
ukfs_remove(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename)

int
ukfs_rmdir(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename)

int
ukfs_link(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, const char *f_create)

int
ukfs_symlink(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, const char *linkname)

ssize_t
ukfs_readlink(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, char *linkbuf, size_t buflen)

int
ukfs_rename(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *from, const char *to)

int
ukfs_stat(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, struct stat *file_stat)

int
ukfs_lstat(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, struct stat *file_stat)

int
ukfs_chmod(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, mode_t mode)

int
ukfs_lchmod(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, mode_t mode)

int
ukfs_chown(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)

int
ukfs_lchown(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)

int
ukfs_chflags(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, u_long flags)

int
ukfs_lchflags(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, u_long flags)

int
ukfs_utimes(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, const struct timeval *tptr)

int
ukfs_lutimes(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *filename, const struct timeval *tptr)

The above routines operate like their system call counterparts and the system call manual pages without the ukfs_ prefix should be referred to for further information on the parameters.

The only call which modifies ukfs state is ukfs_chdir(). It works like chdir(2) in the sense that it affects the interpretation of relative paths. If succesful, all relative pathnames will be resolved starting from the current directory. Currently the call affects all accesses to that particular ukfs, but it might be later changed to be thread private.

UTILITIES

int
ukfs_util_builddirs(struct ukfs *ukfs, const char *pathname, mode_t mode)

Builds a directory hierarchy. Unlike mkdir, the pathname argument may contain multiple levels of hierarchy. It is not considered an error if any of the directories specified exist already.

SEE ALSO
rump(3)

HISTORY
ukfs first appeared in NetBSD 5.0.

AUTHORS
Antti Kantee <pooka@cs.hut.fi>

NOTES
ukfs should be considered experimental technology and may change without warning.

BUGS
On Linux, dynamically linked binaries can include support for only one file system due to restrictions with the dynamic linker. If more are desired, they must be loaded at runtime using ukfs_modload(). Even though NetBSD does not have this restriction, portable programs should load all file system drivers dynamically.